See also: [[../streets/bathers.html|Bathers Bay]], battery, fortquarters.htmlbox factory, courthouses, [[../places/dagobay.html|Dago Bay]], fort quarters, [[../buildings/jshed.html|J Shed]], [[../jetties/index.html|jetties]], [[../buildings/kidogo.html|kerosene store]], laboratory, lighthouses, [[../port/southmole.html|moles]], [[../buildings/mortuary.html|mortuary]], fort.htmlpilots cottages, powerhouse, Residency, [[../buildings/roundhouse.html|Round House]], Whalers Tunnel, whaling complex, workshop, and David Hutchison's Walk 2: Arthur Head.
Arthur Head was so named by James Stirling in 1827 in honour of George Arthur, Governor of Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania). The name applies not only to the point at which the river becomes the sea, but also to the adjacent headland on which is most notably the Round House jail.
The nearby bay (Bathers Bay) was called Manjaree by the first people, and that name apparently also applied to the promontory, the 'head'.
Reproduction of an early map showing the Arthur Head area before reduction by quarrying. Kate Caldwell, writing in 1933, says that "The Governor granted himself five acres on the head [presumably as shown on the map above], but the Home Authorities promptly cancelled the grant and returned the land to the Crown."
Nomenclature
There has recently been some controversy as to whether the name 'Arthur Head' applies to the entire rocky promontory, on a remnant of which the Round House stands, or only to the northern tip of this promontory. Dawkins, for example, seems uncertain. Although he says confidently that the promontory 'flattened out towards the north where a low point ('Arthur's Head') formed the south head of the mouth of the river, ([[../readingroom/3.1/Dawkins.html|Dawkins]] 1990: 171), he also refers to Arthur Head as a 'coastal limestone headland which was stripped bare, quarried, built on, excavated and reworked, Its surface of rock and sand levelled and paved, or topdressed and grassed' (Dawkins 1990: 173).'This obviously refers to the whole promontory. Certainly Stirling appears to have referred to the whole promontory when he named it after the Governor of Van Diemen's Land, since he described it as being '20 m to 25 m high, and like an island, because it was connected with the Main Land by a Sandy Isthmus bearing a Bay on each side' (Appleyard & Manford 1979: 46). The bays on each side of the sandy isthmus appear to be North Bay in the river and South Bay (rather than Bathers Bay) in the Indian Ocean, as early illustrations (such as [[../arts/artists/curriejane.html|Jane Currie]]'s 1832 panoramic view) show a continuous mound from the northern point of the promontory to the vicinity of Anglesea Point in the south.
Nearly seventy years later [[../people/oconnor.html|C. Y. O'Connor]] also used the name in this way when, in his annual report on work, on the inner harbour, he referred to the 'levelling down of Arthur's Head over most of its extent, to form additional space for railway sidings, goods sheds, etc.' The authors of a 1991 study apply the name to the entire promontory: Hutchison et al., 1991, [[../books/hutchison1991.html|Victoria Quay and its Architecture its History and Assessment of Cultural Significance]], City of Fremantle.
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The above photos show as close as you can now get to an idea of the substance of the original Arthur's Head. That's the Maritime Museum near by, as well as the very western end of Victoria Quay. The remaining limestone outcrop is what remains of what Stirling would have seen when he named it. It's hundreds of metres away from the Round House and what people now think of as Arthur Head.
Bas-relief in the pavement outside the Town Hall, showing the original size of Arthur Head in 1829 and the small area that remains today.
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Modern map (1990, cropped - tap/click for fullsize) indicating the position of former structures
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Photo reproduced in Hitchcock's 1929 [[../hitchcock.html|History]], page 148. His caption describes the scene as 'old lighthouse and shipyard, about 1865'. The building on the left is, as the sign says, [[../people/mewsthomas.html|Thomas Mews]]' premises. The right-hand building, demolished in the 1890s, is the ruin of the Fremantle Whaling Company (est. 1837) building. Hitchcock's 'old lighthouse' is ambiguous - as that is actually the second lighthouse, completed in 1879, so his date is misleading. The remains of the 1851 lighthouse can be seen just to the left of the newer one.
Library note on this photo: The bluff of Arthur Head; Creator: Non Pareil Photographic; Date of work: c1891; Reference number: 1614; T W Mews Boat shed at the base of the cliff. Craft for pearling, fishing, commercial trade and pleasure had been produced here since 1830. The boat in the foreground was salvaged from the wrecked 362 ton Raven, lost March 1891 on Dyers Island, Rottnest. On the right are the abandoned premises of the Fremantle Whaling Company. Behind is the lantern of the Light House. Record number: 74126. Bookmark link.
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Arthur Head, 1860s. The first courthouse, top left, was renovated and expanded after 1851 and was the [[../harbourmasters/index.html|harbourmaster]]'s house from 1869. The building in the middle with the flagstaff behind is the [[../buildings/roundhouse.html|Round House]], with the first lighthouse to the right rear. The second courthouse (1851) is top right. The Whalers Tunnel beneath Arthur Head was completed in 1838, paid for by [[../people/scott.html|Daniel Scott]] and under the supervision of [[../people/reveley.html|Henry Reveley]], who also designed the Round House. Photograph by [[../people/stout.html|Stephen Stout]], c. 1864, Battye 88278P.
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Arthur Head c1870. The large building right of centre is the Government Quarters aka The Residency, which was built in 1856 (Dowson has 1851) for the Water Police and demolished in 1967. To the left is the second courthouse, left of whichmay be seen the steps going up to the Round House. To the left again is the harbourmaster's house. On the right is the first lighthouse. The photo (WAHS R2775) is beautifully reproduced in John Dowson's Old Fremantle, pages 26 and 27. His caption on page 26 has a brief but complete history of the occupancy of the Residency. The photo is also available from the Fremantle History Centre, photo no. 1801, and the Library text is as follows.
Library:
The Residency first appears on a plan dated 1856, built for the Water Police. It was demolished in 1967. The lighthouse was erected in 1850 by convict labour. About 1876 the tower was cut down and the stump covered with a conical roof. The flagstaff was originally at Anglesea Point and was moved to Arthur Head before 1837. The house in the left background with the verandahs was the Harbour Master's house. Between it and the Residency is the second court house. Reproduced from "Twentieth Century Impression of W. A.", 1901. Taken before 1876.
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Looking east from Arthur Head. At the left is the Residency (1856), demolished 1967, with the Cliff Street Railway Station (1887) behind. Behind again and to the centre is [[../buildings/manningbuildings.html|Manning's Folly]] (1858-1928). Just to the right of centre are W D Moore's home (1884) in Cliff Street and Daniel Scott's home. Also in Cliff Street is [[../people/samsonwilliamfrederick.html|W F Samson]]'s home (1881-1950s). Between it and the Round House (at the left) is the Police Quarters. Fremantle Library c. 1888 photo no. 3108A. Click/tap for larger size.
The building on Arthur Head to the left of the Round House with the external staircase is the Second [[../courthouses/index.html|Courthouse]]. The one in the extreme foreground, at the bottom of the photo, is the Lightkeeper's Quarters. The photo would have been taken from the second lighthouse.
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[[../people/pickeringalfred.html|Alfred Pickering]]'s photograph looking east from the lighthouse on Arthur Head. Click/tap for more detail, including the original [[../hotels/hismajestys.html|His Lordship's Larder]] (later replaced by His Majesty's Hotel) in Phillimore Street. Photo courtesy SLWA # 3881B/102, from Facebook. The Library's note gives the date as c. 1899.
[[../buildings/img/roundhouse1890s.jpg|File:Freotopia buildings img roundhouse1890s.jpg]]
The Round House in the 1890s, with the harbour master's house (formerly the first courthouse, 1835) on the left and the second courthouse (1851) on the right. Source: Wikipedia.
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Photo 568 courtesy of Fremantle Library: Looking East from the power house c. 1905; The Signal Station of the Fremantle Harbour Trust is to the left of the centre. There is a black ball at the top of the mast, signifying that a vessel was sighted off Rottnest. In the right foreground are the Department of Agriculture's Fruit Inspection sheds and in the centre are some old stone sheds (built c. 1870) at the foot of the cliff.
This is my photograph of a photograph reproduced on an information plaque standing on the Arthur Head green. I have searched the Library's archive for '1609' without result (1608 and 1610 are both available).
See the note on the photo above this one for information about the sheds. The building on the left is the South Mole powerhouse, more or less on Point Marquis. The building top right is the Harbour Trust's Signal Station, presumably with the signalman on the verandah. Another photo, held by SLWA, taken on the same occasion, identifies the building as such. Thanks to Pam Harris for the information in the previous sentence.
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Photo 1470 courtesy of Fremantle Library: Panoramic view of Fremantle from the top of the old Power House Chimney, Izzy Orloff c. 1927; Looking East from Arthur Head. In the foreground is the battery at Arthur Head, built about 1905/1906 and demolished in 1966. The signal mast or flagstaff was removed in 1929. Towards the centre line of the picture are the Pilots' and Harbour Master's cottages and the Round House.
This photo is also available from SLWA @ 111195PD: Elevated view of Fremantle, 1924?
The western portion of Arthur Head in the foreground has been quarried away since the photo was taken.
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Fremantle Library photo no. 4702. Houses on Arthur Head in the 1910s. The house on the extreme left was occupied by the Windsor family and on the right side by the Nicholas family. The steps of the Roundhouse are to the left.
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Bathers Bay RWAHS UN731. This photo is available from Fremantle Library as photo no. 2034A by [[../people/stout.html|S.M. Stout]], 'c. 1890' [sic: Stout died in 1886]: The second lighthouse (1876/1878-1905) built on Arthur Head is to the right. Below is the [[../people/mewsthomas.html|T.W. Mews]] shipyard in [[../streets/bathers.html|Bathers Bay]], established between 1840 and 1860. Next to the right is the abandoned building of the Fremantle Whaling Company, demolished in the 1890s.
Arthur Head c. 1950, colourised by Murray Barnard. Go to ozebook.com for much more.
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Quarrying from the western end of the Arthur headland. Source and date unknown, but it is after 1879, when the second lighthouse was first lit, and also after 1903, when the timeball was moved to the remains of the first lighthouse. More rock is still to be removed, as J Shed is currently where the lighthouse is in the photo - but at a level about six metres lower.
Compare Arthur Head in Stout's 1890 photo above with the 1986 aerial photo below: a great deal of stone has been removed from the western section, where J Shed now is.
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Arthur Head, 1986. Photographer unknown: image courtesy of Brad Pettitt. The area in the image has changed considerably. The mayor writes, 'Even though the area may look like a natural environment today the reality is that much of it is a 1980s reconstruction that sought to remove the industrial past in order to create a pleasant recreational space. It is very well done and should be largely retained but what we have now should not be seen as original or pristine.'
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Detail (1980s) of steps to southern side of Arthur Head (the steps are visible from the air in the photo above). Source: Brad Pettitt's blog.
The southern end of Arthur Head, with Bathers Bay behind it and the Fishing Boat Harbour in the background, photo taken perhaps from the Fremantle Ports admin building, Roel Loopers, c. 2010.
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[[../streets/bathers.html|Bathers Beach]] from Arthur Head, 2015, showing the [[../buildings/kidogo.html|Kidogo Arthouse]] (the kerosene store - which would have stored fuel for the second lighthouse), a structure representing the [[../buildings/mortuary.html|mortuary]], and part of a sculpture exhibition.
Agnieshka Kiera:
As the former City Heritage Architect, I was in charge of the planning and implementation of the long term Strategy Plan for Arthur Head A class Reserve, involving its the 1980s-2009 incremental implementation. Including the 1988 restoration and adaptation of J-shed to local artists studios. The implementation of the long term strategy for Arthur Head A class reserve designated (from memory) for the ‘historic buildings, community and environment' was the 25 years long process involving reconstruction of the 1870s foreshore, dunes and its vegetation; conservation of the whalers tunnel and cliffs; conservation of the Round House; restoration and adaptation of the Fort Arthur and Pilots cottages; upgrading of the headland including construction of the stone steps and walk around the Roundhouse, public toilets, walking paths and whalers jetty. In 2009 it culminated with the final upgrade of the Old Port, which I also managed, including restoration of the former Kerosene Store (now Kidogo), the boardwalks and beach steps and reconstruction of the former mortuary as the shade structure. As the result Arthur Head has been transformed from the former depot into one of the most significant for WA heritage sites and a very popular public reserve. This also fulfilled the City of Fremantle's obligation and commitment to the State Government undertaken when it transferred the area into the City of Fremantle in the 1980s for a peppercorn rate. In light of this the approval by the City granted to Sunset events for use of J-shed as a tavern is a breach of that commitment and a violation of the designation of the Arthur Head A-class Reserve. So what I would like to know is how could the City get away with such an obvious breach of the area's formal designation and its own strategy plan for the area? Agnieshka Kiera (Facebook)
Fremantle calls on state to co-fund urgent Round House conservation works
Following the Fremantle Council meeting, 24 June 2020
From the Mayor, Brad Pettitt:
Fremantle Council has voted to formally request the state government contribute $500,000 towards urgent conservation works at one of Western Australia’s most important heritage sites.
Last night the council voted to commit $500,000 towards works to improve the safety of the severely eroded cliffs at Arthur Head – the site of the historic Round House – and called on the state government to match that commitment.
The need for state government support to carry out essential conservation works is becoming critical.
The Round House is Western Australia’s oldest public building and arguably our most important historical site.
Over the past decade City of Fremantle ratepayers have spent more than $3.5 million on the management and maintenance of Arthur Head and the Round House, but the scope of the works now required to make the Arthur Head cliffs safe after decades of erosion goes above and beyond what would normally be expected of a local government.
Given that Arthur Head and the Round House are owned by the state and are a place of great heritage significance we believe it is reasonable for the state government to share the cost of these urgent conservation works.
This will finally allow us to take down the unsightly fencing and scaffolding that has been needed to protect people from falling rocks at one of our most popular tourist attractions.
At a time when both the state and federal governments have declared their intent to support vital community projects with COVID-19 stimulus money, I am hopeful we will get the help we need to preserve this hugely important part of the state’s heritage.
In March 2018 the City of Fremantle closed the Whalers Tunnel under the Round House and fenced off areas at the base of the cliffs in the historic Arthur Head Reserve after receiving advice that overhanging rock could be unstable and posed a safety risk.
The tunnel was reopened after the City erected temporary scaffolding at the western entrance to protect pedestrians in the event of a rock fall.
The City also commissioned geotechnical and heritage experts to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the condition of the cliffs and man-made walls at Arthur Head and make recommendations on how to limit further erosion and ensure public safety.
Those recommendations, including remedial works worth an estimated $1.8 million, were endorsed by Fremantle Council in April 2019.
The works subject to the $500,000 funding request to the state government include reinforcing the western entry to the Whalers Tunnel and the construction a new rock fall canopy, and extending the retaining wall on the eastern side of Arthur Head near the railway line.
The Round House was the first permanent building built in the Swan River Colony and is the oldest public building still standing in Western Australia.
It was built as a jail and opened in 1831, with the Whalers Tunnel added in 1838.
Due to the exposed marine environment, vandalism and well-intentioned but damaging repairs carried out during previous decades the building now requires urgent conservation works.
Arthur Head was substantially quarried between the 1830s and 1960s, which reduced the size of the headland by 60 per cent and left the quarried cliff faces exposed to the harsh coastal environment.
The Arthur Head Collection
The Arthur Head Collection was a project coordinated by the City of Fremantle with funding from a grant available from the Federal Government to celebrate the Bicentennial year in 1988. Basically researchers were contracted to collect information about Arthur Head from 1829. The end result is a huge collection of materials in various formats including documents, reports, photographs, maps, bibliographies etc. to help research the site. It has a card index as well as a printouts from a database which was created electronically, unfortunately the database didn't survive. The information was collected from repositories around Australia and the UK. In total it consists of a 4 drawer filing cabinet as well as around 200 maps and plans. Currently the collection is held with the Fremantle History Centre and it is being stored offsite whilst the Library is in temporary premises. Digital images of the photograph collection can be viewed at the History Centre. Pam Harris, Librarian, Fremantle History Centre. May 2018.
The Arthur Head Collection 1990 Report
The City Council in 1990 published a folder containing a summary of the research Pam Harris mentions above, consisting of a page about each of these buildings (etc.): the lighthouses, the courthouses, the fort, the fort quarters, the [[../buildings/kidogo.html|kerosene store]], the pilots cottages, the powerhouse, the [[../buildings/roundhouse.html|Round House]], the Whalers Tunnel, and whaling complex, a front cover, and the full map (only part of which appears above).
George Arthur
Sir George Arthur (1784-1854) was Governor of Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania) in 1827 when Stirling visited in [[../ships/success.html|Success]] on his way to Rottnest and to explore the Swan River. He was well entertained in Hobart Town during January and February, and the two governors became friends, and corresponded for many years. So it was that the southern headland was named for the older man. Another visitor to Hobart at that time was Captain H.J. Rous, a former schoolfriend of Stirling. In 1829 he also had a headland named after him: the one at the northern entrance to the river. The Commander-in-Chief of the Eastern Station at the time, Admiral Gage, had his name given to Gage Roads, the water between Rottnest and Fremantle. (Statham-Drew: 67-68)
More on naming and spelling
When Stirling first named Arthur Head, he would probably have written it with an apostrophe, as "Arthur's Head" (but not "Rous's Head" — however, there was an 1867 map on display in the Fremantle Library which shows an apostrophe - as "Rous' Head"). However, names of places and businesses with an apostrophe tend to drop the punctuation over time, and even the possessive S - as Boans and Myer, for example. Personally, I think we should might as well make that move without delay and use the name Arthur Head (sic). Compare [[../streets/kingssquare.html|Kings Square]]; however, like Kings College etc., we seem to like the S, but can do without the apostrophe.
In one sense, Arthur Head no longer exists - if you take the name to refer specifically to the rocky point shown in the map at the top of the page. The term 'head' is applied to the land on one side of a river as it debouches into the sea. Rous Head might still be able to be identified, but you have to look much harder to find what is left of Arthur Head. If you stand on the boardwalk surrounding the Maritime Museum and look under the extreme western end of the south quay, you can see quite a lot of rock. (As shown above.) I believe that is the remnant of Arthur Head.
Most of the available rock has been quarried out of the western end of the area, almost back to the jail. However, the name remains, and now refers particularly to the elevated area where the [[../buildings/roundhouse.html|Round House]] is, but also the area west of the entrance to the Whalers Tunnel, the area around [[../buildings/jshed.html|J Shed]], and the land on which some of the Challenger TAFE buildings now stand.
The hill on which the Roundhouse stands be renamed something relevant, such as Arthur Hill – or indeed Jail Hill, as it was once called (but then spelt Gaol Hill). Or Manjaree. But [[../readingroom/3.1/Dawkins.html|Jeremy Dawkins]] had a go at such a renaming in 1989, but reports that he was howled down, so I don't expect any change now. But can we at least lose the unnecessary - and perhaps even incorrect - apostrophe?
Here is Jeremy Dawkins' note on the name, in a footnote from his [[../readingroom/3.1/Dawkins.html|1990 paper]]:
The name of the area is itself highly political. The new reserve to be vested in the city council encompassed several named places but had no name of its own; it had never been a single place, or piece of property, and it had no single form. Oddly, even the hill on which the Round House sat had never been officially named, instead being referred to at various times as Jail Hill and Lighthouse Hill. These days it is commonly referred to as Arthur Head after a little headland some distance away (and now only a remnant under a wharf) called Arthur's Head by James Stirling for his friend in Van Dieman's Land. To call this new reserve Arthur Head was inappropriate (the area was much more extensive than the hill) and historically incorrect. More importantly its connotations of colonialism overwhelmed the other aspects of the reserve. I had (to my regret) used the name loosely at the earliest stages; I later suggested names for the new reserve, perhaps something neutral which could come to carry resonances of west-coast/microcosm-of-W.A./limestone-headland, such as West Head; or the revival of original nomenclature, such as Manjaree. This caused a minor storm. Members of the history establishment and heritage circles signed petitions and called on the mayor - proving that 'Arthur Head' does indeed carry a strong political message, and hang the historical validity of the name. They won.
Historian [[../authors/caldwell.html|Kate Caldwell]] suggested (in [[../earlydays/1/caldwell.html|1933]]) that, "One conjecture is that Arthur Head was probably named after Arthur Trimmer, a friend and fellow traveller with Sir Jas. Stirling." - but that claim seems to be supported no longer.
Fremantle Society mail:
10 October 2019: Exciting Vision for Arthur Head
The photo above shows Fremantle Society committee member Agnieshka Kiera in full flight during a Fremantle Society meeting this week, whose main item of business was to get cracking on a positive vision for Arthur Head.
Arthur Head is in dire straits after years of neglect by Fremantle Council. The Round House only survives because of the amazing work done by an army of volunteers over many years.
Millions of dollars are needed for engineering works. The Round House needs quality maintenance and interpretation. Arthur Head needs better way-finding and lighting and interpretation. The Whalers Tunnel artefacts owned by the Museum were removed because Fremantle Council refused to maintain them. The archaeology of the whalers’ history has been vandalised and some removed by Sunset Events. The archaeology of the Power Station has not been done. The Maritime Heritage Trail (also known as the West End Trail) has been ignored by Council for ten years.
The vision being prepared will draw together themes and attributes of Arthur Head and Bathers Beach precinct, Round House, J Shed and the Maritime Heritage Trail.
Agnieshka had 25 years as Fremantle Council Heritage Architect, overseeing many important heritage projects, and in one five year period, raised $5.5 million in grants money.
She has handed over much of her work to the Society.
Any member with expertise or ideas is welcome to contribute.
The Fremantle Society is tapping into the expertise of its committee, members, and people we work with such as the WA Museum, the Fremantle History Society, and senior historians like Dr Bob Reece.
The committee is excited at the prospect of helping Arthur Head to have a well-funded future focussing on its many historical stories. Treasurer Adele Carles is organising a special event at which Agnieshka Kiera will launch the Vision, while Secretary Chris Williams is working through the many complex documents relating to Arthur Head.
There is very little money for heritage unfortunately, and very little interest in it, from local or state governments.
Fremantle Council have:
Abolished its heritage Committee
Abolished all funding for the Heritage Grants program
Abolished the annual Heritage Awards
Abolished the annual Local History Awards
Abolished the annual 1.25% of rates which since the year 2000 have gone into the heritage reserve fund.
AND, the State Government has just announced that ALL of the meagre pool of money available for heritage for a whole year is going to Fremantle Prison (who need $27 million but are only getting $3 million). So none of the owners of properties listed by the Heritage Council in the West End or elsewhere will be able to apply for grants for a year.
Premier McGowan once said: “Heritage is not sexy.” He obviously has not been to Fremantle.
John Dowson
President
The Fremantle Society
10 October, 2019
John.dowson@yahoo.com
0409 223622
Written and authorised by John Dowson, 12 Mouat Street, Fremantle, WA 6160
References and Links
Appleyard R.T. & Toby Manford 1979, The Beginning: European Discovery and Early Settlement of Swan River, Western Australia, UWA.
[[../books/arthurheadproject.html|Arthur Head Project]], The, Fremantle City Council, 1983.
'Arthur Head', article in Fremantle Society Newsletter, [[../society/newsletter/1984-12-3.html|Fremantle]], 12, 3, 1984.
City of Fremantle, 1993, Arthur Head Reserve Strategy Plan D.G.F5 ' and Development and Land Use Policy Manual D.G.F6.
Dawkins, Jeremy 1990, [[../readingroom/3.1/Dawkins.html|'Fremantle's heartland: understanding and designing a special place]],' Continuum, 3, 1.
Donaldson & Warn, 2004, Old Port of Arthur Head Reserve; Conservation/Upgrade Plan, City of Fremantle.
[[../authors/dowson.html|Dowson]], John 2003, Old Fremantle: Photographs 1850-1950, UWAP.
Dowson, John 2019, [[../society/arthurhead.html|'Vision for Arthur Head']], Fremantle Society.
Errington, Steve 2022, The Round House 1831-1856, Hesperian.
Gibbs, Martin. 1988, Report on an Ethnohistorical Investigation into the Aboriginal Heritage of the Fremantle Area, Nedlands, Centre for Prehistory, University of WA, for the Fremantle City Council
Logan, Godden MacKay 2005, Heritage and Interpretation Advice for Fremantle Whaling Station and Bathers Bay Landscape Precinct; City of Fremantle.
Hitchcock, J.K. 1929, [[../hitchcock.html|The History of Fremantle]], The Front Gate of Australia 1829-1929, Fremantle City Council.
Hutchison, David, Jack Kent, Agnieshka Kiera, Russell Kingdom, Larraine Stevens, Tanya Suba, 1991, Victoria Quay and its Architecture its History and Assessment of Cultural Significance, City of Fremantle.
Hutchison, David, Fremantle Walks: [[../fremantlewalks/w2.html|Walk 2 - Arthur Head]].
[[../people/hutchison.html|Hutchison]], David 1999, [[../fhs/fs/1/Hutchison1.html|'Shedding light on sheds in transit']], Fremantle Studies, 1: 66-76.
Kiera, Agnieshka 2020, Arthur Head case study for the Shared Heritage theme of ICOMOS GA2020.
MacDonald, E. 1984, Ethnographic Report on Arthur Head, Fremantle, Centre for Prehistory, University of WA, Nedlands, for the Fremantle City Council.
McIlroy, Jack 1986. Bathers Bay Whaling Station, Fremantle, Western Australia
Australian Journal of Historical Archaeology, Vol. 4, pp. 43-50.
Nayton, Gaye 2010, [[../fhs/fs/6/Nayton.html|'Old Port, Arthur Head']], Fremantle Studies, 6: 105-110.
[[../people/pettitt.html|Pettitt]], Brad, 'Arthur's Head's Changing Face', blog entry.
Philip Griffiths Architects, 2011, Arthur Head Reserve, Fremantle: Conservation Management Plan, City of Fremantle.
Sherriff, Jacqui 2001, 'Fremantle South Slipway: a vital World War II defence facility', Fremantle Studies, 2: 106-119.
Souter, Corioli & M. McCarthy nd, The Maritime Archaeological Resource at Arthur Head: A Report for the Arthur Head Conservation Plan, Dept Maritime Archaeology, WA Maritime Museum, report no. 145.
Statham-Drew, Pamela authors/statham.html 2003, James Stirling: Admiral and Founding Governor of Western Australia, UWAP.
Notes in [[../society/newsletter/index.html|Fremantle]], the newsletter of the Fremantle Society: [[../society/newsletter/1982-10-2.html#arthurhead|Vol 10 No 2 1982]], and [[../society/newsletter/1984-12-3.html#arthurhead|Vol 12 No 3 1984]] (pages 1 and 3).
Wikipedia page
This page incorporates material from Garry Gillard's Freotopia website, that he started in 2014 and the contents of which he donated to Wikimedia Australia in 2024. The content was originally created on 21 June, 2015 and hosted at freotopia.org/arthurhead/index.html (it was last updated on 11 May, 2024), and has been edited since it was imported here (see page history). The donated data is also preserved in the Internet Archive's collection.